Basa Shina Kohistani

Shina Kohistani
ݜݨیاٗ کستِین٘و زبان / ݜݨیاٗ زبان
Tipakay di	Pakistan
Wilayah	Distrik Kohistan, Pakistan
Etnik	Jolma Kolai
Jumlah panutur	458,000 (2018)
Kaluwarga basa	Indo-Eropa Indo-Iran Indo-Arya Dardik Darak Shinaik rik jalkot Kohistani–Ushoji Shina.jalkutia Shina Kohistani
Diyalik	Palas, lombah jalkot suppat Jalkoti Kolai
Sistim tulisan	Arab (Nastaliq)
Kode basa
ISO 639-3	plk
Glottolog	kohi1248

Basa Shina Kohistani joda da salah osay basa say dituturko Jolma Kolai di nagara Pakistan. Panutur Bateri rik Kalkoti makay Basa Kohistani Shina sabagay basa keduwa.

Kata injaman jak Basa Hindus Kohistani pacak tihaluko dilom basa sa. Tata basa rik kamus basa sija sa kok radu tipublikasiko.

Huruf

Konsonan

Golar	Bontuk				IPA	Latin	Unicode	Catatan
Shina	Posay	Uncuk	Tongah	Pangkal
الڦ aliv	ا	ـا	ـا	ا / آ	[ʌ], [∅], silent	– / aa	U+0627 U+0627	At the beginning of a word it can either come with diacritic, or it can come in form of aliv-madda (آ), or it can be stand-alone and silent, succeeded by a vowel letter. Diacritics اَ اِ، اُ can be omitted in writing.
بےࣿ be	ب	ـب	ـبـ	بـ	[b]	b	U+0628
پےࣿ pe	پ	ـپ	ـپـ	پـ	[p]	p	U+067E
تےࣿ te	ت	ـت	ـتـ	تـ	[t̪]	t	U+062A
ٹےࣿ te	ٹ	ـٹ	ـٹـ	ٹـ	[ʈ]	ṭ	U+0679
ثےࣿ se	ث	ـث	ـثـ	ثـ	[s]	s	U+062B	Only used in loanwords of Arabic origin. Can be replaced with letter siin س .
جوࣿم ǰom	ج	ـج	ـجـ	جـ	[d͡ʒ]	ǰ	U+062C
چےࣿ če	چ	ـچ	ـچـ	چـ	[t͡ʃ]	č	U+0686
څےࣿ tse	څ	ـڅ	ـڅـ	څـ	[t͡s]	ts	U+0685	Letter borrowed from Pashto alphabet.
ڇےࣿ c̣e	ڇ	ـڇ	ـڇـ	ڇـ	[ʈ͡ʂ]	c̣	U+0687	Unique letter for Shina language. Some Shina literatures and documents use two horizontal lines instead of four dots, use حٍـ instead of ڇـ.
حےࣿ he	ح	ـح	ـحـ	حـ	[h]	h	U+062D	Only used in loanwords of Arabic origin. Can be replaced with letter hay ہ .
خےࣿ khe	خ	ـخ	ـخـ	خـ	[x]~[kʰ]	kh	U+062E	Only used in loanwords of Arabic origin. Can be replaced with digraph letter khe کھ .
دال daal	د	ـد	-	-	[d̪]	d	U+062F
ڈال ḍaal	ڈ	ـڈ	-	-	[ɖ]	ḍ	U+0688
ذال zaal	ذ	ـذ	-	-	[z]	z	U+0630	Only used in loanwords of Arabic origin. Can be replaced with letter ze ز .
رےࣿ re	ر	ـر	-	-	[r]	r	U+0631
ڑےࣿ ṛe	ڑ	ـڑ	-	-	[ɽ]	ṛ	U+0691
زےࣿ ze	ز	ـز	-	-	[z]	z	U+0632
ژےࣿ že / ǰe	ژ	ـژ	-	-	[ʒ]‍~[d͡ʒ]‍	ž / ǰ	U+0632	Only used in loanwords of Persian and European origin. Can be replaced with letter jom ج .
ڙےࣿ ẓe	ڙ	ـڙ	-	-	[ʐ]	ẓ	U+0699	Unique letter for Shina language. Some Shina literatures and documents use two horizontal lines instead of four dots, use رً instead of ڙ.
سِین siin	س	ـس	ـسـ	سـ	[s]	s	U+0633
شِین šiin	ش	ـش	ـشـ	شـ	[ʃ]	š	U+0634
ݜِین ṣiin	ݜ	ـݜ	ـݜـ	ݜـ	[ʂ]	ṣ	U+0687	Unique letter for Shina language. Some Shina literatures and documents use two horizontal lines instead of four dots, use سً instead of ݜ.
صواد swaad	ص	ـص	ـصـ	صـ	[s]	s	U+0635	Only used in loanwords of Arabic origin. Can be replaced with letter siin س .
ضواد zwaad	ض	ـض	ـضـ	ضـ	[z]	z	U+0636	Only used in loanwords of Arabic origin. Can be replaced with letter ze ز .
طوے tooy	ط	ـط	ـطـ	طـ	[t̪]	t	U+0637	Only used in loanwords of Arabic origin. Can be replaced with letter te ت .
ظوے zooy	ظ	ـظ	ـظـ	ظـ	[z]	z	U+0638	Only used in loanwords of Arabic origin. Can be replaced with letter ze ز .
عَین ayn	ع	ـع	ـعـ	عـ	[ʔ], silent	-	U+0639	Only used in loanwords of Arabic origin. Can be replaced with letter aliv ا .
غَین gayn	غ	ـغ	ـغـ	غـ	[ɣ]~[ɡ]	g	U+063A	Only used in loanwords of Arabic and Turkic origin. Can be replaced with letter gaaf گ.
فےࣿ fe / phe	ف	ـف	ـفـ	فـ	[f]~[pʰ]	f / ph	U+0641	Only used in loanwords. Can be replaced with digraph letter phe پھ .
ڦےࣿ ve	ڦ	ـڦ	ـڦـ	ڦـ	[v]	v	U+06A6	Unique letter for Shina language. Some Shina literatures and documents use two horizontal lines instead of four dots, use ڡً instead of ڦ.
قاف qaaf / kaaf	ق	ـق	ـقـ	قـ	[q]~[k]	q / k	U+0642	Only used in loanwords of Arabic and Turkic origin. Can be replaced with letter kaaf ک .
کاف kaaf	ک	ـک	ـکـ	کـ	[k]	k	U+0643
گاف gaaf	گ	ـگ	ـگـ	گـ	[ɡ]	g	U+06AF
ڱاف / گاف گُنَہ ngaaf / gaaf gunna	ڱ	ـڱ	ـڱـ	ڱـ	/ŋ/	ng	U+06B1	Unique letter for Kohistani Shina language.
لام laam	ل	ـل	ـلـ	لـ	[l]	l	U+0644
مِیم miim	م	ـم	ـمـ	مـ	[m]	m	U+0645
نُون nuun	ن	ـن	ـنـ	نـ	[n]	n	U+0646
نُوݨ nuuṇ	ݨ	ـݨ	ـݨـ	ݨـ	[ɳ]	ṇ	U+0768
نُوں / نُون گُنَہ nū̃ / nūn gunna	ں / ن٘	ـں	ـن٘ـ	ن٘ـ	/◌̃/	◌̃	For middle of word: U+0646 plus U+0658 For end of word: U+06BA
واؤ waaw	و / او	ـو	-	-	[oː] / [w]	w / ō	U+0648	The letter waaw can either represent consonant ([w/v]) or vowel ([oo]). It can also act as a carrier of vowel diacritics, representing several other vowels. At the beginning of a word, when representing a consonant, the letter waaw will appear as a standalone character, followed by the appropriate vowel. If representing a vowel at the beginning of a word, the letter waaw needs to be preceded by an aliv ا . When the letter waaw comes at the end of the word representing a consonant sound [w], a hamza is used ؤ to label it as such and avoid mispronunciation as a vowel.
ہَے hai	ہ	ـہ	ـہـ	ہـ	[h]	h	U+0646	This letter differs from do-ac̣hi'ii hay (ھ) and they are not interchangeable. Similar to Urdu,do-chashmi hē (ھ) is exclusively used as a second part of digraphs for representing aspirated consonants. In initial and medial position, the letter hē always represents the consonant [h]. In final position, The letter hē can either represent consonant ([h]) or it can demonstrate that the word ends with short vowels a ◌َہ / ـَہ, i ◌ِہ / ـِہ, u ◌ُہ / ـُہ.
ہَمزَہ hamza	ء	-	-	-	[ʔ], silent	’	U+0621	Used mid-word to indicate separation between a syllable and another that starts with a vowel. hamza on top of letters waaw and ye at end of a word serves a function too. When the letter waaw or ye come at the end of the word representing a consonant sound [w] or [y], a hamza is used ؤ / ئ / ـئ to label it as such and avoid mispronunciation as a vowel.
یےࣿ / لیکھی یےࣿ ye / leekhii ye	ی	ـی	ـیـ	یـ	[j] / [e] / [i]	y / e / i	U+06CC	The letter ye can either represent consonant ([j]) or vowels ([e]/[i]). It can also act as a carrier of vowel diacritics, representing several other vowels. At the beginning of a word, when representing a consonant, the letter ye will appear as a standalone character, followed by the appropriate vowel. If representing a vowel at the beginning of a word, the letter ye needs to be preceded by an aliv ا . When the letter ye comes at the end of the word representing a consonant sound [j], a hamza is used ئ to label it as such and avoid mispronunciation as a vowel. When representing a vowel at the end of a word, it can only be [i]. For vowel [e], the letter buṛi ye ے is used.
بُڑیࣿ یےࣿ buṛi ye	ے	ـے	-	-	[e] / [j]	e / y	U+06D2	The letter buṛi ye only occurs in final position. The letter buṛi ye represents the vowel "ē" [eː] or the consonant "y" [j].
بھےࣿ bhe	بھ	ـبھ	ـبھـ	بھـ	[bʱ]	bh	U+0628 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
پھےࣿ phe	پھ	ـپھ	ـپھـ	پھـ	[pʰ]	ph	U+067E and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
تھےࣿ the	تھ	ـتھ	ـتھـ	تھـ	[t̪ʰ]	th	U+062A and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
ٹھےࣿ ṭhe	ٹھ	ـٹھ	ـٹھـ	ٹھـ	[ʈʰ]	ṭh	U+0679 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
جھوࣿم ǰhom	جھ	ـجھ	ـجھـ	جھـ	[d͡ʒʱ]	ǰh	U+062C and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
چھےࣿ čhe	چھ	ـچھ	ـچھـ	چھـ	[t͡ʃʰ]	čh	U+0686 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
څھےࣿ tshe	څھ	ـڅھ	ـڅھـ	څھـ	[t͡sʰ]	tsh	U+0685 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
ڇھےࣿ c̣he	ڇھ	ـڇھ	ـڇھـ	ڇھـ	[ʈ͡ʂʰ]	c̣h	U+0687 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
دھےࣿ dhe	دھ	ـدھ	ـدھـ	دھـ	[d̪ʱ]	dh	U+062F and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
ڈھےࣿ ḍhe	ڈھ	ـڈھ	ـڈھـ	ڈھـ	[ɖʱ]	ḍh	U+0688 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
رھےࣿ rhe	رھ	ـرھ	ـرھـ	رھـ	[rʱ]	rh	U+0631 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
زھےࣿ zhe	زھ	ـزھ	ـزھـ	زھـ	[zʱ]	zh	U+0632 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
ڙھےࣿ ẓhe	ڙھ	ـڙھ	ـڙھـ	ڙھـ	[zʱ]	ẓh	U+0699 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
کھےࣿ khe	کھ	ـکھ	ـکھـ	کھـ	[kʰ]	kh	U+0643 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
گھےࣿ ghe	گھ	ـگھ	ـگھـ	گھـ	[ɡʱ]	gh	U+06AF and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
لھےࣿ lhe	لھ	ـلھ	ـلھـ	لھـ	[lʱ]	lh	U+0644 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
مھےࣿ mhe	مھ	ـمھ	ـمھـ	مھـ	[mʱ]	mh	U+0645 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.
نھےࣿ nhe	نھ	ـنھ	ـنھـ	نھـ	[nʱ]	nh	U+0646 and U+06BE	A digraph, counted as a letter.

Vokal

Vokal di pangkal kata
a	e	i	o	u
اَ‎	ایࣿـ / اےࣿ‎	اِ‎	اوࣿ‎	اُ‎
Vokal di tongah kata
ـَ‎	یࣿـ / ـیࣿـ ‎	ـِ‎	وࣿ / ـوࣿ‎	ـُ‎
Vokal di uncuk kata
◌َہ / ـَہ‎	ےࣿ / ـےࣿ ‎	◌ِہ / ـِہ‎	وࣿ / ـوࣿ‎	◌ُہ / ـُہ‎

Vokal di pangkal kata
aa	ee	ii	oo	uu
آ‎	ایـ / اے‎	اِیـ / اِی‎	او‎	اُو‎
Vokal di tongah kata
ا / ـا‎	یـ / ـیـ ‎	◌ِیـ / ـِیـ‎	و / ـو‎	◌ُو / ـُو‎
Vokal di uncuk kata
ا / ـا‎	ے / ـے‎	◌ِی / ـِی‎	و / ـو‎	◌ُو / ـُو‎

Vokal di pangkal kata
aá	eé	ií	oó	uú
آٗ‎	ایٗـ / اےٗ‎	اِیٗـ / اِیٗ‎	اوٗ‎	اُوٗ‎
Vokal di tongah kata
اٗ / ـاٗ‎	یٗـ / ـیٗـ ‎	◌ِیٗـ / ـِیٗـ‎	وٗ / ـوٗ‎	◌ُوٗ / ـُوٗ‎
Vokal di uncuk kata
اٗ / ـاٗ‎	ےٗ / ـےٗ‎	◌ِیٗ / ـِی‎	وٗ / ـوٗ‎	◌ُوٗ / ـُوٗ‎

Vokal di pangkal kata
áa	ée	íi	óo	úu
آٰ‎	ایٰـ / اےٰ‎	اِیٰـ / اِیٰ‎	اوٰ‎	اُوٰ‎
Vokal di tongah kata
اٰ / ـاٰ‎	یٰـ / ـیٰـ ‎	◌ِیٰـ / ـِیٰـ‎	وٰ / ـوٰ‎	◌ُوٰ / ـُوٰ‎
Vokal di uncuk kata
اٰ / ـاٰ‎	ےٰ / ـےٰ‎	◌ِیٰ / ـِیٰ‎	وٰ / ـوٰ‎	◌ُوٰ / ـُوٰ‎