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Basa Sylheti

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Sylheti
  • ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ
  • সিলেটি
  • Silôṭi
Kata "Silôṭi" dilom huruf Sylheti Nagri
Pangucapanpangucapan Sylheti: [silɔʈi] ⓘ
Tipakay diBangladesh rik India
WilayahDivisi Sylhet rik Lombah Barak[1]
EtnikSylhetis[2][3][4]
PanuturB1: 10 juta (2003–2017)[5]
B2: 1,5 juta (mak butanggal)[5]
Bontuk awal
Sylheti Nāgarī
Banggala–Assam
Latin[6]
Kode basa
ISO 639-3syl
syl
Glottologsylh1242
Linguasphere59-AAF-ui
Map of Sylheti speaking areas of South Asia
Sylheti is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger [7]
Suratan hasa buisi simbul-simbul fonetik IPA. Makka dukungan rendering say bonor, Niku mangkali ngaliyak tanda tanya, kutak-kutak, atawa simbul barihna alih-alih huruf Unicode. Untuk panduwan pangantak tentang simbul-simbul IPA, liyak Katulungan:IPA.
Suratan hasa makay Huruf-huruf Hindustani. Makka dukungan rendering say bonor, niku mangkali ngaliyak tanda tanya atawa kutak-kutak, huruf vokal salah pok atawa huruf konjungsina lobon alih-alih Huruf-huruf Hindustani.

Basa Sylheti joda da salah osay basa say dituturko Jolma Sylheti di nagara Bangladesh rik India.[8]

Huruf

[dandani | dandani sumbor]

Vokal

[dandani | dandani sumbor]
Huruf Diyakritik Transliterasi IPA Diyakritik rik huruf ꠇ
Guttural ꠀ‎ ꠣ‎ a ɐ ꠇꠣ‎
Palatal ꠁ‎ ꠤ‎ i i ꠇꠤ‎
Labial ꠃ‎ ꠥ‎ u /[u]~[ʊ]/ ꠇꠥ‎
Palatoguttural ꠄ‎ ꠦ‎ e /[e]~[æ]~[ɛ]/ ꠇꠦ‎
ꠂ‎ oi /ɔi~oi/ ꠇꠂ‎
Labioguttural ꠅ‎ ꠧ‎ o /[ɔ]~[o]~[w]/ ꠇꠧ‎

Konsonan

[dandani | dandani sumbor]
Fonetis → Oklusif Nasal Aproksiman Frikatif
Busuwara → Mak Busuwara Busuwara Mak Busuwara Busuwara
Velar ꠇ‎ xo~ko
/xɔ~kɔ/ 		ꠈ‎ xó~kó
/xɔ́~kɔ́/ 		ꠉ‎ go
/ɡɔ/ 		ꠊ‎ gó
/ɡɔ́/ 		ꠢ‎ ho /ɦɔ~hɔ/
Palatal ꠌ‎ so~co
/sɔ~tʃɔ/ 		ꠍ‎ só~có
/sɔ́~tʃɔ́/ 		ꠎ‎ zo~jo
/zɔ~dʒɔ/ 		ꠏ‎ zó~jó
/[zɔ́]~[dʒɔ́/] 		ꠡ‎ śo
/ʃɔ/
Retrofleks ꠐ‎ ṭo
/ʈɔ/ 		ꠑ‎ ṭó
/[ʈɔ́/] 		ꠒ‎ ḍo
/ɖɔ/ 		ꠓ‎ ḍó
/[ɖɔ́/] 		ꠞ‎ ro
/ɾɔ/ 		ꠠ‎ ṛo

/ɽɔ/

Dental ꠔ‎ to
/[t̪ɔ/] 		ꠕ‎ tó
/[t̪ɔ́/] 		ꠖ‎ do
/[d̪ɔ/] 		ꠗ‎ dó
/[d̪ɔ́/] 		ꠘ‎ no
/nɔ/ 		ꠟ‎ lo
/lɔ/
Labial ꠙ‎ fo~po
/fɔ~ɸɔ~pɔ/ 		ꠚ‎ fó~pó
/[fɔ́]~[ɸɔ́]~[pɔ́/] 		ꠛ‎ bo
/bɔ/ 		ꠜ‎ bó
/[bɔ́/] 		ꠝ‎ mo
/mɔ/ 		ꠅ‎ vo~wo
/ʋɔ~wɔ/


IPA Nada Huruf Normal Nada Huruf Langgar Transkripsi Transkripsi IPA Inggris Kumoring
[k]~[x] ꠇ ꠈ kô / khô xɔxɔ́ Like the k in "kite" or the kh in "Khartoum"
depending on its position within vowels. 		Kabar atawa Khusus
[g] ꠉ ꠊ gô / ghô gɔgɔ́ Like the g in "garage". Golar
[t͡ʃ]~[s] ꠌ ꠍ chô / chhô sɔsɔ́ Like the ch in "chat" or the s in "sun". Sabun
[d͡ʒ]~[z] ꠎ ꠏ jô / jhô zɔzɔ́ Like the j in "jungle" or the z in "zoo". Jambu atawa Zaman
[ʈ] ꠐ ꠑ ṭô / ṭhô ʈɔʈɔ́ Like the t in "tool". Tikus
[ɖ] ꠒ ꠓ ḍô / ḍhô ɖɔɖɔ́ Like the d in "doll". Daging
[t̪] ꠔ ꠕ tô / thô t̪ɔt̪ɔ́ Like the t in "soviet". Coto
[d̪] ꠖ ꠗ dô / dhô d̪ɔd̪ɔ́ Like the th in "the". Hoda
[n] ꠘ n/a nô nɔ Like the n in "net". Niku
[p]~[ɸ]~[f] ꠙ n/a pô ɸɔ Like the p in "pool" or the f in "fun". Foto
[ɸ]~[f] n/a ꠚ phô fɔ́ Like the f in "food". Foto
[b] ꠛ ꠜ bô / bhô bɔbɔ́ Like the b in "big". Balak
[m] ꠝ n/a mô mɔ Like the m in "moon". Mongan
[ɾ] ꠞ n/a rô ɾɔ Like the r in "rose". Rabay (R togos)
[l] ꠟ n/a lô lɔ Like the l in "luck". Lampu
[ʃ] ꠡ n/a shô ʃɔ Like the sh in "shoe". Syarat
[ɦ] ꠢ n/a hô ɦɔ Like the h in "head". Hulu
[ɽ] ꠠ n/a ṛô ɽɔ Like the r in "hurry". -

Simbul rik Tanda Baca

[dandani | dandani sumbor]
Simbul Golar Fungsi IPA
ꠋ‎ Anusvara ŋ ɐ
꠆‎ Hasanta Nokonko vokal usungan [ɔ] rik ngguway konjungsi. –
꠬‎ Hasanta Alternatif Nokonko vokal usungan [ɔ], tapi makwat hamak ngguway konjungsi. –
Tanda Golar Fungsi
꠨‎ Tanda Sarambah-1 –
꠩‎ Tanda Sarambah-2 –
꠪‎ Tanda Sarambah-3 –
꠫‎ Tanda Sarambah-4 –
। Danda/Daṛi Nandai akhir kalimat, fungsina goh-goh da rik tanda titik (.)
, Xoma Misahko bagiyan-bagiyan kalimat.
? Prośnobudóx sin Ngguway partanyaan atawa interogatif.
! Aśsorzobudóx sin
: Xolon
; Semixolon
- Haifen
— Ḍeś
( ), { }, [ ] Bondóni
/ Bikolfo sin
‘ ’ Udríti sin
“ ” Zuṛa udríti sin
… Borzon sin

Cuntuh Tulisan

[dandani | dandani sumbor]

ꠗꠣꠞꠣ ১: ꠢꠇꠟ ꠝꠣꠘꠥꠡ ꠡꠣꠗꠤꠘꠜꠣꠛꠦ ꠢꠝꠣꠘ ꠁꠎ꠆ꠎꠔ ꠀꠞ ꠅꠗꠤꠇꠣꠞ ꠟꠁꠀ ꠙꠄꠖꠣ ‘ꠅꠄ। ꠔꠣꠁꠘꠔꠣꠘ ꠛꠤꠛꠦꠇ ꠀꠞ ꠀꠇꠟ ꠀꠍꠦ। ꠄꠞ ꠟꠣꠉꠤ ꠢꠇꠟꠞ ꠄꠇꠎꠘꠦ ꠀꠞꠇꠎꠘꠞ ꠟꠉꠦ ꠛꠤꠞꠣꠖꠞꠤꠞ ꠝꠘ ꠟꠁꠀ ꠀꠌꠞꠘ ꠇꠞꠣ ꠃꠌꠤꠔ।

Dára ex: Hôxôl manuṣ ṣadínbábe hôman ijjôt ar ôdíkar lôia fôeda ốe. Taintan bibex ar axôl asé. Er lagi hôxlôr exzône arôxzônôr lôge biradôrir môn lôia asôrôn xôra usit.

/d̪áɾa ex: ɦɔxɔl manuʃ ʃad̪ínbábe ɦɔman id͡ʒːɔt̪ aɾ ɔd̪íkaɾ lɔija fɔe̯d̪a ɔ́e̯. t̪aɪnt̪an bibex aɾ axɔl asé. eɾ lagi ɦɔxlɔɾ exzɔne arɔxzɔnɔɾ lɔge birad̪ɔɾiɾ mɔn lɔia asɔɾɔn xɔɾa usit̪./

Kaunyin jolma tilahirko mardeka rik uwat pi'il rik hak-hak sai goh-goh. Tiyan tiunjuk akal pikiran rik hati nurani mari tiyan dapok nyampur rik sai barihna dilom semangat bukolpah.

Rujukan

[dandani | dandani sumbor]
  1. ↑ Niharranjan Ray (Jan 1980). Bangalir Itihas (in Bengali). Vol. 2.Kategori:CS1 Bengali-language sources (bn)
  2. ↑ Shahela Hamid (2011). Language Use and Identity: The Sylheti Bangladeshis in Leeds. pp.Preface. Verlag Peter Lang. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
  3. ↑ Citakan:Harvcol
  4. ↑ Tanweer Fazal (2012). Minority Nationalisms in South Asia: 'We are with culture but without geography': locating Sylheti identity in contemporary India, Nabanipa Bhattacharjee. pp. 59–67.
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Sylheti at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Citakan:Closed access
  6. ↑ "Sylheti language and the Syloti-Nagri alphabet". www.omniglot.com. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  7. ↑ "World Atlas of Languages: Sylheti". en.wal.unesco.org. Retrieved 2024-09-13.
  8. ↑ Sylheti Ethnologue
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