Basa Wakhi

Wakhi
Wakhi
ښیکوار زیک; Х̆икв̆ор зик; X̌ikwor zik
	Wakhi titulis dilom huruf Arab rik Sirilik
Tipakay di	Afghanistan, Cina, Pakistan, Tajikistan
Etnik	Wakhi
Jumlah panutur	(58.000 cited 1992–2012); 20.000 di Pakistan (2016)
Kaluwarga basa	Indo-Eropa Indo-Iran Iran Darak Wakhi; ; ; ;
Bontuk awal	Scythian Saka ;
Sistim tulisan	Arab, Sirilik, Latin
Kode basa
ISO 639-3	wbl
Glottolog	wakh1245
ELP	Wakhi
Linguasphere	58-ABD-c
	Wakhi is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
	Suratan hasa buisi simbul-simbul fonetik IPA. Makka dukungan rendering say bonor, Niku mangkali ngaliyak tanda tanya, kutak-kutak, atawa simbul barihna alih-alih huruf Unicode. Untuk panduwan pangantak tentang simbul-simbul IPA, liyak Katulungan:IPA.

Basa Wakhi joda da salah osay basa say dituturko Jolma Wakhi di nagara Afghanistan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, rik Cina.^[5]

Huruf

Arab Afghani

Huruf Arab Wakhi (Afghanistan)
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ا‎¹ ‌ - (A a/E e/I i/U u) [∅]([a][u][e][i])	آ / ـا‎² (A a) [ɔ]	ب‎ (B b) [b]	پ‎ (P p) [p]	ت‎ (T t) [t̪]	ټ‎ (Ṭ ṭ) [ʈ]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ث‎³ (S s) [s]	ٿ‎³ (Θ ϑ) [θ]	ج‎ (J̌ ǰ) [d͡ʒ]	ڃ‎ (J̣̌ ǰ̣) [ɖ͡ʐ]	چ‎ (Č č) [t͡ʃ]	ڇ‎ (Č̣ č̣) [ʈ͡ʂ]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ح‎ (H h) [h]	خ‎ (X x) [χ]	ځ‎ (Ʒ ʒ) [d͡z]	څ‎ (C c) [t͡s]	د‎ (D d) [d̪]	ډ‎ (Ḍ ḍ) [ɖ]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ذ‎⁴ (Z z) [z]	ڎ‎⁴ (Δ δ) [ð]	ر‎ (R r) [r]	ز‎ (Z z) [z]	ژ‎ (Ž ž) [ʒ]	ڙ‎ (Ẓ̌ ẓ̌) [ʐ]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ږ‎ (Ɣ̌ ɣ̌) [ɣ]	س‎ (S s) [s]	ش‎ (Š š) [ʃ]	ڜ‎ (Ṣ̌ ṣ̌) [ʂ]	ښ‎ (X̌ x̌) [x]	ص‎ (S s) [s]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ض‎ (Z z) [z]	ط‎ (T t) [t̪]	ظ‎ (Z z) [z]	ع‎ ( - ) [∅]/[ʔ]	غ‎ (Ɣ γ) [ʁ]	ف‎ (F f) [f]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ڤ‎ (V v) [v]	ق‎ (Q q) [q]	ک‎ (K k) [k]	گ‎ (G g) [ɡ]	ل‎ (L l) [l]	م‎ (M m) [m]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ن‎ (N n) [n]	او / و‎⁵ (W w) [u][w]	ؤ‎⁶ (Ы ы) [ɨ]	هـ / ه‎⁷ (H h/ - a) [h][a]	ایـ / یـ / ی‎^8,9 (E e/I i/Y y) [e][i][j]	ي‎⁹ (- i) [i]

Huruf Vokal Arab Wakhi (Afghanistan)
A a	O o	E e	I i	Ə ə	U u	Ы ы
[a]	[ɔ]	[e]	[i]	[ə]	[u]	[ɨ]
Vokal di pangkal kata
اَ / ا‎	آ‎	-	ایـ‎	-	او‎	ؤ‎
Vokal di tongah kata
◌َ‎	ا / ـا‎	◌ِ / یـ / ـیـ‎		-	و / ـو‎	ؤ / ـؤ‎
Vokal di uncuk kata
ه / ـه‎	ا / ـا‎	ی / ـی‎	ي / ـي‎	ی / ـی‎	و / ـو‎	ؤ / ـؤ‎

Arab Pakistani

Huruf Arab Wakhi (Pakistan)
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ا¹ ‌ - (A a/E e/I i/U u) [∅]([ɨ][ɔ][e][i])	آ / ـا² (A a) [a]	ب (B b) [b]	پ (P p) [p]	ت (T t) [t̪]	ٹ (Ṭ ṭ) [ʈ]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ث³ (S s) [s]	ٿ³ (Θ ϑ) [θ]	ج (J̌ ǰ) [d͡ʒ]	ڃ (Ž ž) [ʒ]	چ (Č č) [t͡ʃ]	ڇ (Č̣ č̣) [ʈ͡ʂ]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ح (H h) [h]	خ (X x) [χ]	ݗ (X̌ x̌) [x]	څ (C c) [t͡s]	د (D d) [d̪]	ڈ (Ḍ ḍ) [ɖ]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ذ⁴ (Z z) [z]	ڌ⁴ (Δ δ) [ð]	ر (R r) [r]	ز (Z z) [z]	ڗ (Ʒ ʒ) [d͡z]	ژ (Ẓ̌ ẓ̌) [ʐ]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ڙ (J̣̌ ǰ̣) [ɖ͡ʐ]	س (S s) [s]	ش (Š š) [ʃ]	ݜ (Ṣ̌ ṣ̌) [ʂ]	ص (S s) [s]	ض (Z z) [z]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ط (T t) [t̪]	ظ (Z z) [z]	ع ( - ) [∅]/[ʔ]	غ (Ɣ γ) [ʁ]	ݝ (Ɣ̌ ɣ̌) [ɣ]	ف (F f) [f]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ڤ (V v) [v]	ق (Q q) [q]	ک (K k) [k]	گ (G g) [ɡ]	ل (L l) [l]	م (M m) [m]
Arab Parsi (Latin) [IPA]	ن (N n) [n]	او / ـُو / و⁵ (O o/U u/W w) [ɔ][u][w]	ہـ / ہ⁷ (H h/ - a) [h][a]	ایـ / یـ / ی^8,9 (E e/I i/Y y) [e][i][j]	ے⁹ (- e) [e]

Huruf Vokal Arab Wakhi (Pakistan)
A a	E e	I i	Ə ə	Ы ы	O o	U u
[a]	[e]	[i]	[ə]	[ɨ]	[ɔ]	[u]
Vokal di pangkal kata
آ	ایـ		-	اُ	او	وُو
Vokal di tongah kata
◌َ / ا / ـا	◌ِ / یـ / ـیـ		-	◌ُ	و / ـو	◌ُو / ـُو
Vokal di uncuk kata
ہ / ـہ	ے / ـے	ی / ـی		◌ُ / ـُہ	و / ـو	◌ُو / ـُو

Sirilik rik Latin

Huruf	А а	Б б	В в	В̌ в̌	Г г	Ғ ғ	Г̌ г̌	Д д	Д̣ д̣	Д̌ д̌	Е е	Ё ё	Ж ж	Ж̣ ж̣	З з	Ҙ ҙ	И и	Й й	К к	Қ қ	Л л	М м	Н н	О о	П п
IPA	[a]	[b]	[v]	[w]	[ɡ]	[ʁ]	[ɣ]	[d̪]	[ɖ]	[ð]	[e], [je]	[jo]	[ʒ]	[ʐ]	[z]	[d͡z]	[i]	[j]	[k]	[q]	[l]	[m]	[n]	[ɔ]	[p]
Huruf	Р р	С с	Т т	Т̣ т̣	Т̌ т̌	У у	Ф ф	Х х	Х̌ х̌	Ҳ ҳ	Ц ц	Ч ч	Ч̣ ч̣	Ҷ ҷ	Ҷ̣ ҷ̣	Ш ш	Ш̣ ш̣	Щ щ	Ъ ъ	Ы ы	Ә ә	Ь ь	Э э	Ю ю	Я я
IPA	[r]	[s]	[t̪]	[ʈ]	[θ]	[u]	[f]	[χ]	[x]	[h]	[t͡s]	[t͡ʃ]	[ʈ͡ʂ]	[d͡ʒ]	[ɖ͡ʐ]	[ʃ]	[ʂ]	[ʃt͡ʃ]	Ø	[ɨ]	[ə]	Ø	[e]	[ju]	[ja]

Huruf	A a	Ā ā	Ā̒ ā̒	B b	C c	Č č	Č̣ č̣	D d	Ḍ ḍ	Δ δ	E e	Ə ə	F f	G g	Ɣ γ	Ɣ̌ ɣ̌	H h	I i	J̌ ǰ	J̣̌ ǰ̣	K k	L l	M m	N n
IPA	[a]			[b]	[t͡s]	[t͡ʃ]	[ʈ͡ʂ]	[d̪]	[ɖ]	[ð]	[e]	[ə]	[f]	[ɡ]	[ʁ]	[ɣ]	[h]	[i]	[d͡ʒ]	[ɖ͡ʐ]	[k]	[l]	[m]	[n]
Huruf	O o	Ō ō	Ō̒ ō̒	P p	Q q	R r	S s	Š š	Ṣ̌ ṣ̌	T t	Ṭ ṭ	Θ θ	U u	U̒ u̒	Ū̒ ū̒	V v	W w	X x	X̌ x̌	Y y	Z z	Ž ž	Ẓ̌ ẓ̌	Ʒ ʒ	Ы ы
IPA	[ɔ]			[p]	[q]	[r]	[s]	[ʃ]	[ʂ]	[t̪]	[ʈ]	[θ]	[u]			[v]	[w]	[χ]	[x]	[j]	[z]	[ʒ]	[ʐ]	[d͡z]	[ɨ]

Cuntuh Tulisan

Sirilik

Дов̌ыт - дə Исроил цə кых̌тəн номдор подшо ту, йав̌ бə пəйғамбари г̌тəтыв̌. А ца пəйғəмбарвəн ки Забур китобəв цə нивишəтк йив̌ Дов̌ыт ту, Йисо цə ростиг̌əн-бə цə Дов̌ыт ав̌лодəн ту.

Sirilik Kursiv

Дов̌ыт - дə Исроил цə кых̌тəн номдор подшо ту, йав̌ бə пəйғамбари г̌тəтыв̌. А ца пəйғəмбарвəн ки Забур китобəв цə нивишəтк йив̌ Дов̌ыт ту, Йисо цə ростиг̌əн-бə цə Дов̌ыт ав̌лодəн ту.

Latin

Dowыt - də Isroil cə kыx̌tən nomdor podšo tu, yaw bə pəyɣambari ɣ̌tətыw. A ca pəyɣəmbarvən ki Zabur kitobəv cə nivišətk yiw Dowыt tu, Yiso cə rostiɣ̌ən-bə cə Dowыt awlodən tu.

Horti

Daud joda da rajo Bani Isra'il sai timasyhur rik munih sabagai nabi. Nabi Daud tilahirko untuk nulis Kitab Zabur. Nabi Isa lahir jak garis katurunan Nabi Daud.

Rujukan

↑ Citakan:Ethnologue18
↑ Frye, R.N. (1984). The History of Ancient Iran. p. 192. ISBN 9783406093975. [T]hese western Saka he distinguishes from eastern Saka who moved south through the Kashgar-Tashkurgan-Gilgit-Swat route to the plains of the sub-continent of India. This would account for the existence of the ancient Khotanese-Saka speakers, documents of whom have been found in western Sinkiang, and the modern Wakhi language of Wakhan in Afghanistan, another modern branch of descendants of Saka speakers parallel to the Ossetes in the west.
↑ Bailey, H.W. (1982). The culture of the Sakas in ancient Iranian Khotan. Caravan Books. pp. 7–10. It is noteworthy that the Wakhi language of Wakhan has features, phonetics, and vocabulary the nearest of Iranian dialects to Khotan Saka.
↑ Carpelan, C.; Parpola, A.; Koskikallio, P. (2001). "Early Contacts Between Uralic and Indo-European: Linguistic and Archaeological Considerations: Papers Presented at an International Symposium Held at the Tvärminne Research Station of the University of Helsinki, 8–10 January, 1999". Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura. 242: 136. ...descendants of these languages survive now only in the Ossete language of the Caucasus and the Wakhi language of the Pamirs, the latter related to the Saka once spoken in Khotan.
↑ Shammim Ara Shams, The Impact of Dominant Languages on Regional Languages: A Case Study of English, Urdu and Shina (2020) Pakistan Social Sciences Review, volume 4, isu III, doi 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-III)79, hal 1092–1106

[e18-1] Citakan:Ethnologue18

[2] Frye, R.N. (1984). The History of Ancient Iran. p. 192. ISBN 9783406093975. [T]hese western Saka he distinguishes from eastern Saka who moved south through the Kashgar-Tashkurgan-Gilgit-Swat route to the plains of the sub-continent of India. This would account for the existence of the ancient Khotanese-Saka speakers, documents of whom have been found in western Sinkiang, and the modern Wakhi language of Wakhan in Afghanistan, another modern branch of descendants of Saka speakers parallel to the Ossetes in the west.

[3] Bailey, H.W. (1982). The culture of the Sakas in ancient Iranian Khotan. Caravan Books. pp. 7–10. It is noteworthy that the Wakhi language of Wakhan has features, phonetics, and vocabulary the nearest of Iranian dialects to Khotan Saka.

[4] Carpelan, C.; Parpola, A.; Koskikallio, P. (2001). "Early Contacts Between Uralic and Indo-European: Linguistic and Archaeological Considerations: Papers Presented at an International Symposium Held at the Tvärminne Research Station of the University of Helsinki, 8–10 January, 1999". Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura. 242: 136. ...descendants of these languages survive now only in the Ossete language of the Caucasus and the Wakhi language of the Pamirs, the latter related to the Saka once spoken in Khotan.

[5] Shammim Ara Shams, The Impact of Dominant Languages on Regional Languages: A Case Study of English, Urdu and Shina (2020) Pakistan Social Sciences Review, volume 4, isu III, doi 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-III)79, hal 1092–1106

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