Bahasa Assam
Gambar 500px|thumb|Oxomiya dilom Aksara Bengali varian Assam | |
Nagara | 25px|border India |
Pok | Asia |
Jumlah Panutur | 15 juta |
Sistim Panulisan | Aksara Bengali |
Status | Lokok tipakai |
Etnis | Jolma Assam |
Dialek | Kamrupi, Goalpariya, Darak, Tongah |
Kaluwarga Bahasa | 1. Rumpun Bahasa Indo-Eropa 2. Rumpun Bahasa Indo-Iran 3. Rumpun Bahasa Indo-Arya 4. Assam |
Bahasa say Tikahik | Bahasa Bengali |
Basa Assam atawa ⓘ joda da salah say basa say tituturko di India bagiyan darak, say lokok kuruk Bahasa Indo-Arya.[1]
Ija joda da basa balak say bufungsi sabagay basantara di pira ngabungkal wilayah, rik uwat sakitar 15 juta panutur asli jak basa hasa.
Huruf
[dandani | Sunting sumbor]Vokal
[dandani | Sunting sumbor]Vokal | Simbul Diyakritik Vokal |
Assam | Bengali | Meitei (Manipuri)[2] | Sylheti | Hajong | Rabha | Rajbongsi |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
অ | – | ô | ô/o | ô/a | o | o | ô | ô |
অʼ | ʼ | o | – | – | – | – | – | – |
আ | া | a | a | a꞉ | a | a | a | a |
অ্যা/এ্যা | ্যা | – | æ | – | – | – | – | – |
অৗ | ৗ | – | – | – | – | â | â | – |
ই | ি | i | i | i | i | i | i | i |
ইʼ | িʼ | – | – | – | – | – | î | – |
ঈ | ী | i | i | – | ī | – | – | (i) |
উ | ু | u | u | u | u | u | u | u |
উʼ | ুʼ | – | – | – | – | – | â | – |
ঊ | ূ | u | u | – | ū | – | – | (u) |
ঋ | ৃ | ri | ri | – | ri | – | – | ri |
ৠ | ৄ | rii | rii | – | – | – | – | – |
ঌ | ৢ | li | li | – | – | – | – | – |
ৡ | ৣ | lii | lii | – | – | – | – | – |
এ | ে | ê | e/ê | e | ê | e | e | ê |
এʼ | েʼ | e | – | – | – | – | – | – |
ঐ | ৈ | ôi | ôi | ei | oi | oi | – | ôi |
ও | ো | û | o | o/ô | – | ô | o | o |
ঔ | ৌ | ôu | ôu | ou | ou | ôu | – | ôu |
Konsonan
[dandani | Sunting sumbor]Konsonan | Assam | Bengali | Meitei (Manipuri)[2] | Chittagong | Dhakaiya Kutti |
Sylheti | Hajong | Maithili |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ক | kô | kô | kô | xô | kô | xô | ko | ka |
খ | khô | khô | khô | xô | kô | xo | kho | kha |
গ | gô | gô | gô | gô | gô | go | go | ga |
ঘ | ghô | ghô | ghô | gô | gô | go | gho | gha |
ঙ | ungô | ngô | ngô | ngô | ngô | – | ngo | nga |
চ | sô | cô | cô | sô | cô | so | co | ca |
ছ | sô | chô | – | sô | cô | so | so | - |
𑒕 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | cha |
জ | zô | jô | jô | zô | zô | zo | jo | ja |
ঝ | zhô | jhô | jhô | zô | zô | zo | jho | - |
𑒗 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | jha |
ঞ | niô | nô | – | – | – | – | – | nia |
ট | tô | ţô | – | tô | tô | to | – | – |
𑒙 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ţa |
ঠ | thô | ţhô | – | tô | tô | to | – | ţha |
ড | dô | đô | – | dô | dô | do | – | da |
ড় | rô | ŗô | – | rô | rô | ŗo | – | – |
ঢ | dhô | đhô | – | dô | dô | do | - | da |
ঢ় | rhô | ŗhô | – | rô | rô | ro | – | – |
ণ | nô | nô | – | nô | nô | no | - | - |
ত | tô | tô | tô | tô | tô | ṭo | to | ta |
থ | thô | thô | thô | tô | tô | ṭo | tho | tha |
দ | dô | dô | dô | dô | dô | ḍo | do | da |
ধ | dhô | dhô | dhô | dhô | dhô | ḍo | dho | dha |
ন | nô | nô | nô | nô | nô | no | no | na |
প | pô | pô | pô | fô | pô | fo | po | pa |
ফ | phô | phô | fô | fô | fô | fo | fo | – |
𑒤 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | pha |
ব | bô | bô | bô | vô | bô | vo | bo | ra |
ভ | bhô | bhô | vô | vô | vô | vo | vo | bha |
ম | mô | mô | mô | mô | mô | mo | mo | ma |
য | zô | jô | – | zô | zô | zo | - | ya |
য় | yô | yô | yô | yô | yô | – | yo | – |
র | (wô) | rô | rô | rô | rô | ro | wõ | va |
ৰ | rô | (rô) | ro | – | ro | rô | – | ra |
ল | lô | lô | lô | lô | lô | lo | – | – |
𑒪 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | la |
ৱ | wô | – | wo | wô | o | – | – | – |
শ | xô | şô | – | shô | sô | – | - | sha |
ষ | xô | şşô | – | shô | sô | – | - | ssha |
স | xô | şô | sô | shô | sô | şo | - | sa |
হ | hô | hô | hô | ô | hô | ho | ho | - |
𑒯 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ha |
Angka
[dandani | Sunting sumbor]Angka Arab | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Angka Bengali-Assam | ০ | ১ | ২ | ৩ | ৪ | ৫ | ৬ | ৭ | ৮ | ৯ |
Golar Assam | xuinnô | ek | dui | tini | sari | pãs | sôy | xat | ath | nô |
শূন্য | এক | দুই | তিনি | চাৰি | পাঁচ | ছয় | সাত | আঠ | ন | |
Golar Bengali | shunnô | æk | dui | tin | char | pãch | chhôy | shat | aţ | nôy |
শূন্য | এক | দুই | তিন | চার | পাঁচ | ছয় | সাত | আট | নয় | |
Golar Meitei | phoon | ama | ani | ahum | mari | manga | taruk | taret | nipa꞉n | ma꞉pan |
ফুন | অমা | অনি | অহুম | মরি | মঙা | তরূক | তরেৎ | নীপান | মাপন | |
Golar Sylheti | shuinno | ex | dui | tin | sair | fas | soy | shat/hat | aţ | noy |
শূইন্য | এক (খ) | দুই | তিন | ছাইর | পাচ | ছয় | সাত/হাত | আট | নয় | |
Golar Maithili | shūnya | ek | du | tīn | chari | pãch | chhau | sat | aţh | nau |
শূন্য | এক | দু | তীন | চাৰি | পাঁচ | ছৌ | সাত | আঠ | নৌ | |
Golar Kamtapuri | shuinno | ek/aak | dui | tin | chair | pãch | chhôy | sat | aat | nôy/nôo |
শূইন্য | এক/আক | দুই | তিন | চাইর/চাইৰ | পাঁচ | ছয় | সাত | আট | নয়/নও | |
Golar Hajong | xuinnô | ek | dui | tin | câr | pas | soy | sat | at | noy |
শূন্য | এক | দুই | তিন | চাৰ/চার | পাচ | ছয় | সাত | আট | নয় | |
Golar Rabha | tha | sa | niŋ | tham | bri | bwŋ | kröb | sin | gin | suku |
থা | ছা | নিং | থাম | ব্ৰি | বৗং | ক্ৰোব | ছিন | গিন | ছুকু | |
Golar Chittagong | shúinnô | ek | dui | tin | sair/sér | fañs | só | śat | añshtô | nô |
শূইন্য | এক | দুই | তিন | ছাইর/ছের | পাঁচ | ছ | সাত | আঁশ্ট | ন |
Cuntuh Tulisan
[dandani | Sunting sumbor]UDHR pasal 1;
[dandani | Sunting sumbor]১ম অনুচ্ছেদ: জন্মগতভাৱে সকলো মানুহ মৰ্য্যদা আৰু অধিকাৰত সমান আৰু স্বতন্ত্ৰ। তেওঁলোকৰ বিবেক আছে, বুদ্ধি আছে। তেওঁলোকে প্ৰত্যেকে প্ৰত্যেকক ভ্ৰাতৃভাৱে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা উচিত।
Prôthôm ônussêd: Zônmôgôtôbhawê xôkôlû manuh môrjyôda aru ôdhikarôt xôman aru sôtôntrô. Têû̃lûkôr bibêk asê, buddhi asê. Têû̃lûkê prôittêkê prôittêkôk bhratribhawê byôwôhar kôra usit.
Prothom onussed: Jonmogotobhabe xokolü manuh moirjjoda aru odhikarot xoman aru sotontro. Teü̃lükor bibek ase, buddhi ase. Teü̃lüke proitteke proittekok bhratribhawe bebohar kora usit.
Prothom onussed: Jonmogotovawe xokolu' manuh morjjoda aru odhikarot xoman aru sotontro. Teulu'kor bibek ase, buddhi ase. Teulu'ke proitteke proittekok vratrivawe bewohar kora usit.
Prothom onussed: Jonmogotobhawe xokolu manuh morjyoda aru odhikarot xoman aru sotontro. Teulukor bibek ase, buddhi ase. Teuluke proitteke proittekok bhratribhawe byowohar kora usit.
Prathama anucchēda: Janmagatabhāve sakalo mānuha maryadā āru adhikārata samāna āru svatantra. Tēõlokara bibēka āchē, buddhi āchē. Tēõlokē pratyēkē pratyēkaka bhrātribhāvē byavahāra karā ucita.
Kaunyin jolma tilahirko mardeka rik uwat pi'il rik hak-hak sai goh-goh. Tiyan tiunjuk akal pikiran rik hati nurani mari tiyan dapok nyampur rik sai barihna dilom semangat bukolpah.
/pɹɔtʰɔm ɔnusːɛd, zɔnmɔɡɔtɔbʰabɛ xɔkɔlʊ manuʱ mɔɪzːɔda aɹu ɔdʰikaɹɔt xɔman aɹu sɔtɔntɹɔ. tɛʊ̃lʊkɔɹ bibɛk asɛ budːʰi asɛ. tɛʊ̃lʊkɛ pɹɔɪtːɛkɛ pɹɔɪtːɛkɔk bʰɹatɹibʰabɛ bɛbɔɦaɹ kɔɹa usit/
Rujukan
[dandani | Sunting sumbor]- ↑ "Axomiya is the major language spoken in Assam, and serves almost as a lingua franca among the different speech communities in the whole area." Harvcol, Goswami, 2003, pp 394
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 "Meetei Mayek keys (in comparison to Bengali script)". Retrieved 16 March 2023.